结实期氮素营养和土壤水分对水稻光合特性、产量及品质的影响

Effects of Nitrogen and Soil Moisture on Photosynthetic Characters of Flag Leaf, Yield and Quality During Grain Filling in Rice

研究了土壤水分胁迫和氮素营养对两个水稻品种(组合)的光合特性、产量和品质的影响。结果表明:随着土壤水分胁迫的加重,叶片的光合速率、叶绿素含量及叶片的水势均有不同程度的降低,丙二醛的含量增加;而氮素营养则能提高剑叶光合速率,延缓叶片衰老。水分胁迫促进茎鞘物质向外运转,而氮素营养影响则相反。水肥对产量有显著的互作效应,在高氮水平下,轻度土壤水分胁迫可增加产量。稻米品质因施氮水平和土壤水分胁迫程度不同而有较大差异。

Photosynthetic characters of leaf, grain yield and quality on Wuyujing 3 and Shanyou 63 were investigated by water stress and levels of nitrogen during grain filling. The results showed that, Pn,chlorophyll content and leaf water potential were significantly reduced with increasing in water stress, and MDA content was enhanced; but Pn of flag leaf was increased and senescence of flag leaf was slower by increasing in nitrogen levels. The sensitivity of flag leaf on higher level of nitrogen levels was enhanced to water stress. Translocation of dry matter was accelerated by water stress of soil,but the effect by nitrogen was different. The effect of yield was greatly notable by interaction of soil moisture and nitrogen. In high nitrogen level, yield was increased by light water stress. The effect on grain qualities was significant by different soil moistures and levels of nitrogen.