小刀会起义与上海近代移民趋势变化

The Small Sword Society Uprising and the Changing Tendency of Migration in Shanghai's Modern Times

近代上海的初期 ,移民以福建、广东人为主 ,但不久被江浙等地的移民所取代 ,这一变化的出现与小刀会起义有紧密关联。小刀会起义使闽粤人在上海的发展受到致命打击 ,他们被迫转移移民路线 ,下南洋成为一个较好的选择 ;而江浙人凭借其地理优势、生活习惯优势及经营优势成为了移民的主体。同时 ,小刀会起义使上海租界的格局发生变化 ,由“华洋分居”转向“华洋杂处” ,租界逐渐成为移民的主要集聚地 。

The migration is an inevitable social phenomenon in a city's development, and has its own changing tendency. The early settlers in Shanghai in modern times were mainly from Fujian and Guangdong provinces. However, they were soon replaced by those from Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. The occurrence of such a change was closely related to the Small Sword Society uprising. It gave a fatal blow to the development of former settlers. As a result, they had to change their immigration route and then went to some countries south beyond the South China Sea as a better choice. Relying on their advantages in geography, customs and business, those from Jiangsu and Zhejiang became a major part of migrants in Shanghai. Meanwhile, the Small Sword Society uprising brought about changes of Shanghai's concession structure from separate to mixing residence of Chinese and foreigners. It also brought about a development of the concession, thus making Shanghai a chief gathering city for migrants and quickening the speed of migration to Shanghai.