噪声暴露对女性月经功能的影响

The Effects of Noise Exposure on Menstrual Function of Women

目的评价职业噪声暴露对纺织女工月经功能的影响。方法应用前瞻性队列研究方法,于1997年6月至2000年6月,选择在安庆市纺织厂和社区工作的新婚女工为研究对象,进行问卷调查和收集新婚日记,测量其工作岗位噪声水平,最后共得到214个有完整信息的调查对象。结果应用单因素的卡方检验和方差分析及多因素的广义线性模型分析得到如下研究结果:(1)纺织厂女工职业噪声暴露的平均值为89.1dB,社区工作的对照女工噪声暴露的平均值为58.1dB。(2)高噪声暴露使女性月经周期的长度缩短,且具有显著性(P<0.05),与较短月经周期也有一定的相关关系(OR=1.635,95%可信区间:0.944～2.830)。同时,噪声暴露与长月经周期(>40d)的发生存在显著的负相关(OR=0.339,95可信区间:0.123～0.932)。(3)噪声暴露对纺织女工的痛经影响没有显著性意义。结论(1)安庆市纺织厂女工的职业噪声暴露平均水平超出国家职业卫生标准85dB(A)。(2)噪声暴露可使女性月经周期的长度显著缩短并且与长月经周期存在显著的负相关。

Objective To estimate the effects of occupational noise exposure to menstrual function of female cotton spinner. Methods 214 female workers of Anqing Textile Factory and urban community were investigated using questionnaire and the data of newly-married dairy by prospective cohort study from 1996 to 2000.The level of noise in their working place was measured. Results (1) The average level of occupational noise exposure of female workes of Anqing Textile Factory and urban community were 98.1 dB and 58.1 dB respectively. (2) Menstrual cycle of women in higher noise exposure group significantly shortened compared with those of the control group (P<0.05). Higher noise exposure was associated with shorter menstrual cycle (OR=1.635, 95% CI: 0.944-2.830). In addition, significant negative correlation (OR=0.339, 95% CI: 0.123-0.932) was noticed between the noise exposure level and the length of menstrual cycle. (3) The effect of noise exposure on dysmenorrhoea showed no significance. Conclusion (1) The level of noise in Anqing Textile Factory exceeded the Criteria of National Occupational Hygiene 85dB(A). (2) Noise exposure might shorten menstrual cycle significantly and was negatively correlated with longer menstrual cycle.