利用无土栽培研究不同肥料对蔬菜产量与品质的影响

Effect of Fertilization on the Biomass and Quality of Vegetables in Soilless Culture

采用无土栽培的方法对蔬菜进行盆栽试验,研究在施用不同用量的化肥和有机肥的条件下蔬菜的产量和品质变化。结果表明,在蔬菜无土栽培中,施用有机肥比施用化肥可显著提高蔬菜的品质,并能达到较高的产量。无论是生菜还是芹菜,其抗坏血酸(Vc)的含量都是有机肥处理明显高于相应的化肥处理。而对人体有害的硝酸盐含量则恰恰相反,供试有机肥处理大大低于化肥处理。另外,施用有机肥可降低蔬菜体内有机酸含量。和化肥相比,有机肥明显具有长效作用,它对第3茬蔬菜仍然有效。利用消毒有机肥进行蔬菜的无土栽培要优于营养液浇灌的方式。

Pot experiments with different vegetables were carried out in soilless culture. Different amount of mineral fertilizer or manure were applied to study the change of biomass and quality of vegetables. The results showed that the quality of vegetables were much better when manure were applied. And high biomass of vegetables can be obtained in manure treatments. In both lettuce and celery Vc content were higher in manure treatments than in mineral fertilizer treatments. While nitrate content was much lower in manure treatments. Results also proved that manure can decrease organic acid concentration in vegetables. Compared with the mineral fertilizer,manure has the long-term effect to plants. In soilless culture sterilized organic manure can be used instead of nutrient water.