水稻三系不育系东B11A与菲A所配组合主要性状优势比较

Comparison of Heterosis in Major Agronomic Characters between F_1 Hybrids of Dong B11A and Those of IR58025A

用具东乡野生稻细胞质源的东B11A和具野败细胞质源的菲A(IR5 80 2 5A)分别与同一组恢复系配组 ,对杂种F1 各性状进行比较试验。结果表明 ,东B11A在生育期、株高、穗长、每穗粒数、结实率、千粒重、单株粒重和单株秆重等方面的杂种优势比菲A强 ,而单株穗数比菲A弱 ;通过分析 2个不育系与 3个含有粳稻亲缘的恢复系配组结果 ,进一步表明东B11A比菲A配合力更好 ,且具有更好的可恢性和更广的恢复谱。讨论了这两个不育系的优缺点 ,并提出了其利用中的克服和改进方法。

The comparison was conducted between the F_1 hybrids of Dong B 11A, a CMS line with the cytoplasmic source of Dongxiang Wild Rice, and those of IR58025A, a CMS line with the WA-type cytoplasmic source, in major agronomic characters, using the same group of restorer lines as the male parents. The results showed that the F_1 hybrids of Dong B 11A had a stronger heterosis than those of IR58025A in the characters of growth duration, plant height, panicle length, spikelets per panicle, seed-setting rate, 1 000-grain weight, grain weight per plant and stem weight per plant, but a weaker heterosis in panicles per plant. Through analysis of the F_1 hybrids of the two CMS lines and three restorer lines containing japonica background, it was further found that Dong B 11A had a better combining ability, restorability and a wider restorable spectrum than IR58025A. The advantages and disadvantages of the two CMS lines were also discussed and the corresponding overcoming and improving ways were proposed in use of them in hybrid rice breeding.