能利用五碳糖和六碳糖生产乙醇的基因工程菌菌株的构建

Construction of genetically engineered bacterial strains using pentoses & hexoses in ethanol fermentation

燃料乙醇是一种极具前景的燃油代用品 ,近年来发展尤为迅速 ,为了推广这种能源和满足日益增长的需求 ,我们有必要开发更为高效的生产工艺和寻找更为廉价的原料。解决此问题的关键在于获得高效的工程菌 ,使其能利用木质纤维素水解液中的五碳糖和六碳糖发酵生产乙醇。通过代谢工程的研究和基因重组技术 ,几种重组细菌显示出良好的开发前景 ,它们是运动发酵单胞菌、大肠杆菌、产酸克雷伯氏菌和菊欧文氏菌。

As an attractive and sustainable energy source of transporation, fuel ethanol production develops quickly in recent years. For the increasing demands of this fuel, more efficient ethanol production processes and cheap substrates are needed. To achieve this goal, microorganisms which can ferment a variety of sugars ( pentoses and hexoses ) are required. Through metabolic engineering and gene recombination manipulation, several new recombinant bacterial strains of Zymomonas mobilis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella oxytoca and Erwinia chrysanthemi have been constructed, which can be utilized for ethanol production with lignocellulosic sugars. This review introduced the research progress of this field and the construction of these genetic engineering strains in the ethanol fermentative production.