郭店竹书《老子》研究述论

On Guodian Bamboo Edition Lao Tzu

截至2003年12月为止,全面校注、研究郭店《老子》的专著和论文共有23种,此外尚有专论及附论郭店《老子》的论文多篇。综观上举论著,对郭店《老子》的研究主要在以下七个方面进行,即:一、简章组合,二、文字释读,三、书写勘误,四、词义考释,五、异文对校,六、文本性质,七、思想研究。本文试对学界在这七个方面的研究一一进行了述评。在文本性质方面,本文分别就诸家失当处进行辨正。并进而提出,由于文献不足征,此问题暂难定论,但郭店竹书《老子》的文本性质和公元前300年左右有无五千言的全本《老子》,是两个不同的问题,应该分开来研究。在思想研究方面,驳正了郭沂“简本《老子》出自老聃,今本《老子》出自太史儋”之说。本文还对郭店《老子》的一些字词的考释与释义提出了自己的看法。

Abstract: There have keen 20 kinds of books and theses proofing and researching on Guodian Lao Tzu besides some other papers by the end of June, 2003 .Research has been conducted from the following seven aspects, i.e., 1 .Combination of fragmentary sections; 2 .interpretation of characters; 3 .correction of the writing; 4.expianation of the meaning of phrases;5.poliation of differences between edition; 6 .textual character; 7 .research on thought .This article tries to test these 7 aspects respectively .As for the sixth, the article corrects some errors in those theories and illustrates that it is hard to settle this point because of the lack of evidence .But textual character of Guodian Lao Tzu is another issue different from the one whether there was a whole fire-thousand-word Lao Tzu at 300 B.C.Therefore,these two should be studied separately.As for the last aspect,the article criticizes the theory that'bamboo edition is written by Laodan (老聃)while today's edition by Dan(儋)the official in charge of recording history.'In addition,this article puts forward some personal ideas about explanation of the meaning of phrases in Guodian Lao Tzu.