萧红小说的女体符号与乡土叙述——《呼兰河传》和《生死场》的性别论述

The Narrative of Female Body and Homeland in Xiao Hung's Novel

萧红的小说文本表现了两性关系/性别意识与民族国家文化历史的双重主题。在民族国家文学之外,女性文本的多元特质在她的文本书写中进一步得到延续,为中国现代女性文学遗产开拓出富有符号性意义的女体空间和女性乡土想象书写。在萧红的《呼兰河传》中,萧红大量地书写了女体空间所可能载的各种符号形态,特别是有关跳大神的仪式化女体现象。萧红笔下女性所构成的女体符号空间,其根基建立在民间文化的基础之上。与乡土想象有密切的关系。事实上,萧红对女体的想象书写和乡土的文化空间建构是双线并行的,缺一不可。此种女体/乡土叙述突显出历史文化交织的符号空间,乡土的象征功能是女性作家藉以窥探女性内宇及社会文化系和人生命运不可或缺的书写策略。在萧红的《生死场》中,女体的符号化和乡土的女体化,让萧红笔下的农乡女性归属于此以富有女性意识的土地,也让乡土同样归属于这些生活其上的女性团体。此种乡土经验有别于传统父权/男性视下的乡土经验。

Based on the two prominent pieces of work 'life or death' (sheng sichang) and 'Biography of Fu Lan River' (hu lan he chuan), the present paper examines the relationship between the narrative of the female body and homeland that appears in these two texts. With this, the paper attempts to pinpoint what lies under the imagination and description of the female body in relation with homeland-the psychological, cultural, and historical threads of the village women in the Chinese agricultural society during the pre-modern industrial period. By delving into the description of homeland and the role of gender, the paper discusses the parallel structure between the female body and the vast homeland where they grown, from which it tries to reveal the symbolic meaning of female body in association with the homeland. The paper ends with an analysis on how the symbolic meaning of female body marks the features of a piece of homeland.