全球化思维——清末民初历史小说作品的新走向

On-limits and International View-The New Trend of the Historical Novels between the Latter Stage of Qing Dynasty and the Initial Stage of the Republic of China

西方列强的入侵,激发了清末民初中国有识之士自我意识的觉醒,他们不再沉醉于老大帝国的幻梦中,有意识地向西方学习,用开放的、世界的眼光来考察中国历史。此时,小说的启蒙作用提高到前所未有的重要地位,小说被誉为"文学之最上乘"。历史小说创作呈现全球化思维的新特点,小说家配合社会现实的需要,宣传、普及世界各国历史,创作、翻译了大量历史小说作品,包括介绍欧美等国历史的小说作品、反映世界其他殖民地国家悲惨历史的作品和一些世界通史题材的小说作品。他们以开放的姿态翻译、创作历史小说,历史小说作品带有进化论思想、世界史观等特点。同时,小说家通过"借外鉴中"、中西比较等方法解说历史现象,也促进了全球化思维在中国的传播和普及。

The self-awareness of the intellectuals between the latter stage of Qing Dynasty and the Initial stage of the Republic of China was aroused by the invasion from the western countries. They were no longer inebriated in the daydream of a huge empire and began to learn from the western world with on-limits and international vie. Meanwhile, the initiation role of novels had an unprecedented position, and novels were highly thought to be 'the top of literature'. The novelists of the time, in order to publicize the history of the western world, created and translated a large number of western novels at an open attitude, concerned with the history of western countries and colonies as well as the history of the whole world. Therefore, the novels of the time had the thoughts of evolutionism and on-limits and international viewpoint. The novelists discussed historical problems and contrasted the historical phenomena at a globalization attitude, which greatly facilitated the transmission and popularization of on-limits and international view.