商鞅改革成败论:合法性危机的视角

On Shang Yang’s innovation from the angle of the legality crisis

商鞅改革因商鞅车裂、秦帝国覆亡而呈全败之局,其原因在于改革的合法性危机。商鞅改革以弱民、苦民而达至“富国强兵”的目的,使其出现正当性缺失与改革暂时有效性膨胀的矛盾,导致改革的特定支持的耗散、虚空;单一意识形态、完全排斥道德价值的重刑酷刑主义的法律文化的建构,使改革必需的散布性支持无法生成;改革领袖个人品质的缺陷,导致权威危机。各阶层利益冲突因没有反馈机制的消解使得改革危机首先在领袖、体制与共同体的各层次中渐次暴露出来,商鞅因此付出生命的代价实属必然,所谓“作法自毙”实乃中的之论。

The reason why Shang Yang’s innovation ended by SHANGYANG’death and the end of the Empire of Qin is that thereexits a crisis in the legality of the Shang Yang’s innovation. The aim of Shang Yang’s innovation is to strengthen the Empire of Qinby means of weakening and suffering the civilians. The justice of this aim and the temporary availability of Shang Yang’s innovationreduced the support to the innovation. The mono-ideology and the structure of the legal culture of excruciation which totally excludedthe value of morality cannot form the necessary scattering support to the innovation. The default of reformer’s personality led to theauthoritative crisis. The interests conflicts of every stratum were not cleared up because or lacking feedback mechanism,so the reformcrisis expose out gradually in the every levels of the leader, system and community firstly.The cost which Shang Yang pays the life isreally inevitable so-called“getting caught in one’s own trap”is the aptjudgement in fact