国际刑事法院启动机制及美国的应策

The started mechanism of the international criminal court and thecountermeasures of U.S.A.

国际刑事法院的成立,是国际刑法发展史上的一个重要里程碑,必将对国际法、国际刑法和国际关系发生深远的影响。国际刑事法院的启动机制与其管辖权紧密相关,是主权国家在是否加入国际刑事法院问题上必定要首先考虑的问题。而在国际刑事法院的启动机制方面,检察长的作用是非常关键的。检察长在调查和起诉方面享有巨大权力,使得有些国家有所顾虑,其中对国际刑事法院刑事管辖权最持怀疑态度的,就是美国。国际刑事法院管辖权问题,既是国际刑法范畴问题,也是国际法的问题。它既关系到国家主权,也涉及国际法与国内法的关系问题。国际刑事法院管辖权问题中的补充性原则和启动机制方面的规定,涉及缔约国和非缔约国的权利和义务,因而也是国际刑事法院管辖权问题中最复杂、最敏感的问题。

The establishment of the international criminal court is one important milestone of international criminal law developmenthistory, will bring about far-reaching influence on international law, international criminal law and international relations. The startedmechanism of the international criminal court has close relationship with its jurisdiction, it is also the issue for the sovereign statethought firstly while make decisions on joining the international criminal court certainly. In the aspect of the started mechanism of theinternational criminal court, the chief procurator's function is very important. The chief procurator enjoys enormous power in investigat-ing and prosecute, it make some countries worry to some extent, The countries that hold the suspicious attitude on the criminal jurisdic-tion right of the international criminal court most is U.S.A.. International criminal court jurisdiction question is not belongs to interna-tional criminal law category, but a question of international law. It concerns the national sovereign, involves the relations of internationallaw and domestic law too. The supplementary principles and the regulations of the started mechanism of the questions about the juris-dictions of the international criminal court concerns the right and obligation of the contracting party and non-contracting party, so itbecame the most complicated and most sensitive problems in the jurisdiction questions of the international criminal court.