传统与现代的较量——彼得大帝改革的双重效应

The Contest of Strength Between Tradition and Modern ——The double effect of Peter's reform

彼得大帝的改革起始于西方工业世界的冲击。但由于与西方社会水平的巨大反差、极为特殊而又沉重的俄国历史传统的阻碍使改革的结果呈现出双重效应:一方面是俄国成为具有强大军事实力的大帝国;另一方面,俄国成为为数不多的富人和受教育者的欧洲文化外围地带,最终未能把俄国引向富强之路,而由他改革规定的俄国现代化发展轨迹使后来俄国现代化之路步履艰难、曲折反复。

The Peter's reform was originated in the impact of the western industrial world. But because of the enormous contrast with western social level, and the traditional hindrance of extremely special and heavy of Russia history, which make the result of that reform demonstrate double effect; On one hand it makes Russia becomes a big kingdom with very strong military strength; on other hand it makes Russia becomes a peripheral area of European culture of that few rich and educated peoples. It was fail to guide Russia to prosperous and strong finally, but the reform orbit stipulated by he makes the Russia modernized distance in later--the walk with difficulty, and the twists are repeated.