也谈宋代书院与同时代的欧洲大学

The Comparison between Academies of Classical Learning in Song Dynasty and European Universities in Middle Ages

宋代书院是与欧洲大学几乎同时出现和繁荣的高等教育形式,二者都对此前的传统教育提出了改革与挑战,但二者后来的命运迥然相异,书院一度对中国古代社会产生重要影响,但最终沦落;欧洲中世纪大学却做出了革命性贡献。书院的沦落既有自身的原因,也有中国传统社会制度和教育制度等外因的作用。

When academies of classical learning in Song Dynasty boomed in China, universities in Europe also flourished. They were both relatively higher education than former patterns. But academies of classical learning in China returned to traditional routine later, and their influences were much less than their counterparts. The decline of classical learning academies was caused by many reasons, such as the drawbacks of themselves and the outer environment, including traditional social system and educational system.