试析苔丝悲剧的心理根源

Psychological Analysis on Tess's Tragedy

从心理"超我"建构角度分析了哈代笔下女主人公苔丝悲剧的心理根源。由于人的身份不是一个简单的自然存在的称谓,而是一种社会身份的指向,所以在父权秩序占统治地位的社会背景下,女性社会性别身份的确立必然要通过不断"内化"父权秩序的各种"规训"来完成。苔丝为了获得"作为女人"的社会身份经历了对父权统治秩序的身份认同过程,在这一过程中,她最初失贞的生活经历和最终遵循父权统治秩序建构起来的心理"超我"使得她的悲剧命运成为一种必然。

Based on psychoanalytic theory on 'super-ego' construction, the psychological source of Tess's tragedy is analyzed. Since human's identity is not a natural existence but a social indicator, the social identity as a woman can only be acquired by identifying with and internalizing its all kinds of disciplines in the background of patriarchal society. In order to gain her identity as a woman, Tess has gone through a process of aforementioned identification and internalization, in which her loss of bodily purity at the outset and the later construction of 'super ego' by becoming subjected to the patriarchal injunctions work together to trigger her ultimate tragedy.