海水中无机物的光化学反应

Photochemical Reaction of Inorganic Matters in Seawater

综述了近几十年来国内外关于海水中无机物的光化学反应的研究状况。首先， 阐述了海洋光化学在海洋科学中的重要性，历年来的发展状况以及海水的光化学与其它相关领域之间的相互影响作用。其次，本文分别从阴离子的光化学反应，阳离子的光化学反应和过氧化氢的光化学反应三个方面对海水中无机物的光化学反应进行了论述，详细介绍了铁、锰、铜、汞、过氧化氢、硝酸盐和碘化物随反应介质、温度、酸碱度、有机物浓度和光照等外界因素的不同而发生的光化学反应的变化。另外，讨论了上述物质发生光化学反应的主控因素及其在反应过程中对周围环境的影响作用，并对部分物质的反应机理作了介绍。最后，本文指出了这一研究领域存在的问题和不足，并提出今后的研究建议。

In this paper, the recent development status of photochemical reactions of inorganic matters in seawater is reviewed. The importance of marine photochemistry in marine science, the development of marine photochemistry in the recent several decades and the mutual influences between marine photochemistry and other related fields are first introduced. Then, the photochemical reactions of inorganic matters in seawater are discussed from the aspects of photochemical reactions of anions, cations and of H2O2. Simultaneously, it is introduced in detail that the photochemical reactions of Fe, Mn, Cu, Hg, H2O2, NO3-, and I- vary with the outside factors such as medium, temperature, pH, the concentrations of organic matters and illumination. Furthermore, the main controlling factors to photochemical reactions, their effect on environment during the reactions and the reaction mechanisms of some matters are described. Finally, the problems and shortcomings in the study field are pointed out and some suggestions for the future study are put forward.