龙眼鬼帚病的昆虫传病试验

ON TRANSMISSION OF LONGAN WITCHES' BROOM DISEASE BY INSECT VECTORS

1985～1989年进行了荔枝蝽,龙眼角颊木虱和龙眼鸡传染龙眼鬼帚病以及荔枝蝽从龙眼到荔枝的传病试验。结果指出:荔枝蝽成虫、幼虫和龙眼角颊木虱成虫均能传染龙眼鬼帚病,传病率分别为18.8—36.7% 40.0—45.0%与23.3—37.9%。试验苗的潜育期,短的为2—3个月,长的约一年。龙眼鸡和对照处理的试验苗均无发病。电镜检查结果表明:在荔枝蝽(成虫)唾液腺细胞内所见的线状病毒粒体,与龙眼鬼帚病叶组织采用超薄切片所观察到的病毒粒体,在形态结构上基本相同,进一步确认介体昆虫传病的可靠性。荔枝蝽成虫,若虫还能将龙眼鬼帚病传到荔枝上,引起与龙眼鬼帚病十分相似的病状。这一结果为揭示荔枝鬼帚病和龙眼鬼帚病之间的密切关系提供了新证据。

The test of transmission of longan witches' broom disease by insectvectors,was carried out from 1985 to 1989.The results indicated that Te-ssaratoma papillosa Dtury and Corne genapsylla sinica Yang et Li were theinsect vectors of the disease.of the 61 tested plants inoculated with theadults of Tessaratema papillosa and 95 tested plants inoculated with its ny-mphs,17 and 38 showed symptoms respectively. Of the 107 tested plants inoculated with Cornegenapsylla sinica(adults),33 showed symptoms.The incubation periods of all tested plants were 2-12months.However,the 153 check plants and 8 tested plants inoculated withFulgora candelaria showed no symptoms.On the diseased seedling inoculatedwith the above insect vectors,the young leaves on the infected shoot becamesmaller and rolled upwards;shoot internodes were shorten;overgrowingbranches clumped.like a broom.The fact that Tessaratoma papillosa cansuccessfully transmits the pathogen of longan witches' broom disease fromlongan to litchi illustrates that longan witches'broom disease has a closerelation to that of litchi.Under an electron microscope,on the ultra-thinsections of the salivary glands from the infected Tessaratoma papillosa(adul-ts),the filamentous virus particles were found.The morphology and size ofthe filamentous particles from the infected insect was identical to thosefrom the infected longan plant.