我国甜玉米育种研究概况与发展方向

General Situation and Development Direction of Sweet Corn Breeding in China

我国甜玉米育种虽然起步较晚,但育种水平提高很快,在产量潜力和子粒含糖量等方面已经达到较高水平。由于甜玉米资源相对缺乏、研究力量薄弱和对产量的过分追求,甜玉米的食用品质与国外优良品种差距明显,缺乏耐热、耐寒品种。加强资源引进、创新与人才培养,坚持应用传统育种技术的同时积极吸收现代生物技术的优秀成果,加快品质鉴定技术和相关性状的遗传规律研究,是我国甜玉米育种取得突破的关键。

The sweet corn breeding of China had achieved a great progress in the latest twenty years,and the yield of ears and sugar content of kernels were up to the top level of the world.But in China,the resources were ab-sent of diversity,the research team were not so strong,and paying an attention too much on yield in breeding,so,the taste qualities of our sweet corn varieties,such as crisp and peel residue,were behind more than the best sweet corn varieties of the world,and we were also absent of the varieties which were resistant to the too hot or too cold environ-ment.In future,those are the urgent task for sweet corn breeding that enhancing the resources introduce and inno-vation,and expert training,integrate using traditional breeding techniques and modern biotechnologies creatively,and quickening the studies on genetic law and identifying techniques of quality characters.