郑州市巡警个体噪声暴露的测量与分析

Personal Noise Exposure Measurement and Assessment for Policemen in Zhengzhou

[目的]了解郑州市巡警个体噪声暴露水平和暴露特点。[方法]以辖区为单位 ,采用个体噪声计量仪测量工作日早班 (8:00～12:00)、中班 (12:00～18:00)和晚班 (18:00～22:00)巡警的个体噪声暴露水平。[结果]郑州市巡警共分5个辖区 ,噪声暴露水平依次为(82.7±6.1)dB(A)、(89.6±6.3)dB(A)、(93.6±9.3)dB(A)、(96.6±5.2)dB(A)和(88.7±7.4)dB(A) ,范围为77.2～106dB(A)。个体噪声暴露存在突然升高的现象 ,这由处理突发事件造成。巡警的主要噪声暴露水平集中在80～100dB(A)。1至4辖区执勤点均设于商业区 ,5辖区位于城乡结合部 ,大型机动车的流量较大。其中1、2辖区的噪声水平在三班之间无明显差别 ,3、4辖区的噪声水平早班高、晚班低 ,5辖区的噪声水平早班和晚班较高 ,而中班低。[结论]郑州市巡警接触较高水平的环境噪声 ,机动车鸣笛是主要原因之一。建议今后对禁止机动车鸣笛后巡警的个体噪声暴露进行再评价 。

ObjectiveTo assess noise exposure feature and levels with dosimeter for policemen in Zhengzhou.[Methods]Five groups of policemen in Zhengzhou were selected to measure personal noise exposure with dosimeter.The morning shift(8:00～12.00),afternoon shift(12.00～18.00)and night shift(18:00～22:00)were included in the measurement.[Results]The policemen mainly worked in streetrs of Zhengzhou were to execute multiple laws,which included to treat traffic jam and accident,outburst lawcase,enviˉronmental cleanness in main streets.The policemen were divided into five groups in different areas.The noise exposure levels of the five groups were87.2±6.1dB(A),89.6±6.3dB(A),93.6±9.3dB(A),96.6±5.2dB(A)and88.7±7.4dB(A)in a range from77.2dB(A)to106dB(A).The accident event treatment caused sudden increase in personal noise exposure of policemen.Two groups of policemen in downtown have same kinds and levels of noise exposure in three shifts.Another two groups in downtown showed higher noise level in morning shift and lower in night shift.One group in main streets between downtown and suburb had higher noise levels in morning and night shifts.[Conclusion] The policemen in Zhengzhou exposed to high level noise during their workdays.The alarm sound of automobiles was one of main sources of noise in streets of the city.Now,alarm of automobile in downtown in Zhengzhou has been forbidden by local lawto reduce environmental noise.The authors suggest to assess noise exposure of policemen after forbiding alarm of automobile in Zhengzhou.