武汉市部分城区妇女生殖道感染现状及危险因素研究

Study on Prevalence of Reproductive Tract Infections and Influence Factors on Married Women in Wuhan City

目的了解武汉市部分城区已婚妇女生殖道感染的患病情况及影响因素;寻求促进妇女生殖健康的措施。方法对637例已婚妇女,在进行生殖道感染疾病检查的基础上,还对有关生殖道感染保健知识、态度和行为进行了调查,并采用χ2检验、方差分析和Logistic回归方法进行分析。结果武汉市部分城区已婚妇女生殖道感染检出率为54.95%,宫颈炎的检出率为38.78%,细菌性阴道病的检出率为20.28%,滴虫性和念珠菌性阴道炎的检出率分别为0.63%和8.01%,慢性盆腔炎的检出率为12.56%。宫颈糜烂患者中,沙眼衣原体检出率为13.69%,淋病检出率为3.05%。妇女对有关生殖道感染途径、对个人和家庭的危害及预防措施的知识极为缺乏。单因素分析妇女生殖道感染的危险因素主要有年龄、文化程度、生育史及避孕方式等。多因素Logistic回归模型分析妇女生殖道感染的危险因素主要有年龄、产次、避孕方式及医疗费支付方式等,而职业中职员、公费医疗、已绝经为保护因素。结论武汉市部分城区妇女生殖道感染检出率为54.95%,存在有多种危险因素,主要为生育史、人工流产史、职业、年龄、文化程度、医疗费支付方式等。妇女生殖道感染患病与有关保健知识、态度和行为相关,进行有关生殖道感染保健的健康教育干预极为迫切。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the reproductive health status and the prevalence of reproductive tract infections and influence facters of merried women in city zone.Seek the methods to improve the women's reproductive health status and their related knowledge,attitude and behavior among married women.METHODS 637 married women aged 24～74 were investigated through simple random sampling with the examination of reproductive tract infections and questionnaire with related knowledge,attitude and behavior.Chi-square test,analysis of variance and multiple linear regression were used in statistic method.RESULTS The prevalence rate of reproductive tract infections in women's population was 54.95%,Chronic cervicitis 38.78%,Bacterial vaginosis 20.28%,Trichononas vaginitis 0.63%,Candidal vaginitis 8.01%.In the patients with cervical erosion,the prevalence rate of Chlamydia trachomatis was 13.69%,Gonorrhea 3.05%.Women were lack of knowledge on infective channel,harm for individual and family,and preventive measurements of reproductive tract infections.There was a relationship between prevalence of reproductive tract infections and related knowledge,attitude and behavior.Through multple linear regression,the risk fators of reproductive tract infections are age,procreate history and contraceptive method,the protective fatoes are clerk in occupation,free fee-for-service and menopause.CONCLUSIONS The prevalence rate of city women is 54.95%.It has many risk factors,including procreate history,abortion history,occupation,age,education level,fee-for-serve, et al.It is very urgent that health educational intervention of reproductive tract infections to married women should be conducted.