葡萄采后果粒脱落及保鲜贮藏

Postharvest Berry Abscission and Storage of Grape Fruit

葡萄穗粳和果柄的呼吸强度与乙烯生成显著高于果粒,并呈现呼吸跃变型变化。落粒果柄中GA消失,ABA增加。降低贮藏温度、外源GA,NAA,AOA处理能抑制落粒,ABA、乙烯利则增加落粒率。剪去穗梗和果柄后果粒和果柄间不再形成离层,表明穗梗和果柄在落粒过程中起重要作用。

Relationship between postharvest physiological characters and berry abscission of the fruit of grape (Vitis vinefera L vat. KyoHo) was investigated. It was found that the respiration and ethylene production rates of cluster stalk (including most of the pedicel) were markedly higher than those of berry and showed a climacteric-like course (Fig. 1,2). ABA content in the pedicel without berry (abscised) was much higher than the pedicel with berry attached and no GA could be detected (Fig. 4). It was interesting that when a berry was cut with only 2～3 mm of pedicel, there was no more abscission (Fig. 5). Lowering temperature .prevented effectively the abscission of berry (Fig. 5, Table 2 ). Postharvest berry drop was inhibited by exogenous treatments with GA, NAA, or AOA, inhibitor of ethylene biosynthesis ,either before or after harvest, but promoted by ABA or Ethrel (Table 2 ,Fig. 6). These resuls suggest that the stalks of cluster play an important role in the postharvesr abscission of berry in storage of grape fruit.