医院内SARS交叉感染的归责原则和风险分担

An analysis of civil obligation and share of risk about SARS cross infection in hospital

目前 ,全社会控制SARS疫情已取得重大成果 ,与此同时 ,由SARS引发的法律问题也开始引起人们的重视。在现实中 ,非SARS患者与SARS患者在医院接触的可能性、医院隔离条件的不完备性、提高收治率与降低院内感染率的矛盾 ,决定了在医院内发生SARS交叉感染的可能性客观存在。对此 ,为求得法律上的公正解决 ,必须首先确立以过错责任原则为主导、特殊情况下应用公平责任原则的民事责任归责原则。以此为指导 ,有过错者应承担相应责任及风险 ,各方都无过错时 ,一般将SARS作为不可抗力对待 ,特殊条件下按照公平责任原则给患者适当补偿。

At present, the all society has controled the epidemic situation of SARS and has obtained the important achievement. At the same time, the legal problem caused by SARS also has been seriously regarded. In actuality, there is the possibility of SARS cross infection that actually existed in hospital. Because the contact between SARS patients and other patients is possible. The condition of isolation in hospitals is not complete. And the rising of treated rate is in conflict with the decreasing of rate of infection in hospital. To fairly solve the problem in the law, we must regard fault duty principle as predominant legal principle and in special circumstance apply fair duty principle. Therefore, the one who have fault should undertake their obligations. If no one have fault, the SARS should be regarded as force majeure. But the patients should be compensated befittingly.