尖峰岭热带山地雨林生物量的初步研究

STUDY ON BIOMASS OF TROPICAL MOUNTAIN RAIN FOREST IN HIANFENGLING,HAINAN PROVINCE

本文用对比研究法对海南岛尖峰岭热带山地雨林原始林和更新林的地上部分生物现存量进行了测定,结果表明:未受干扰破坏的森林其生物量积累可达到较高的水平,原始林和更新林的生物现存量(包括凋落物现存量)分别为645.2和272.9t/ha,乔木层生物量占群落生物量的94％以上,表明了乔木层在森林生态系统中的重要地位和作用,而通过对原始林和更新林的生物产量结构的分析,反映出它们之间的一些差异性。林分的叶面积指数(LAI值)分别高达16.70和9.07,说明所调查的两个群落具有较高的生产力水平。热带林的早期更新速度很快,26年生的天然更新林分其生物量年平均净积累达9.8658t/ha·a,明显高于成熟林的6.2421t/ha·a,接近中等集约经营的热带人工林的生产力水平。

According to the measurement of the above-ground biomass of tropical mo- untain rain forests (original and regenerative forests) in Jianfengling, Hainan Island, the biomass of the two communities are up to 645.2 and 272.9t/ha(in- cluding litter biomass), the tree biomass are 96.9% and 94.0% of the totals, and the LAI values are as high as 16.70 and 9.07, respectively, Although the under-growth, liana, eiyphyte and parastic plants have high diversity, the bi- omass are less than 5% of the total. Comparision study show the original and regenerative forests have obvious differences in the total biomass, the distribu- tion of the biomass in community layers and tree DBH classes. The regenerative forest dominated with Castanopsis fissa has higher produ- ctivity in the early stage, A 26-year-old regenerative forest′s average annual net biomass accumulation is up to 9.8658 t/ha·a, which is close to that of the tropical plantations with middle-level management, and is one and a half tames of that of the original mountain rain forest in Jianfengling.