水稻种胚离体培养的遗传研究

GENETIC STUDY OF THE RICE EMBRYO CULTURE IN VIT RO

报道了不同基因型的10个水稻(Oryza sativa L.)品种(系)及其26个杂交组合种胚离体培养的愈伤组织诱导率和愈伤组织分化率与绿苗分化率的关系、亲本对杂种F_1种胚离体培养的绿苗分化率的影响以及细胞质效应。结果表明,参试的36种基因型之间种胚离体培养的绿苗分化率存在显著差异,总体愈伤组织诱导率、愈伤组织分化率与绿苗分化率表现出极显著的正相关。绿苗分化率有随愈伤组织诱导率或愈伤组织分化率的提高而提高的趋势,且具有高诱导率的母本组合其F_1种胚愈伤组织诱导率也较高,但其余两个性状亲子关系不密切。在水稻种胚离体培养中,有无细胞质影响存在或细胞质效应大小与具体的亲本组合有关。

The embryo culture in vitro response was examined among ten rice (Oryza saliva L.) cul-tivars and 26 cross combinations to evaluate the correlation between callus induction rate and differentiation rate with plantlet regeneration rate, the influence of parents to hybrid F_1 embryo culture in vitro as well as the cytoplasmic effects. Plantlet regeneration rate was used as the product of callus production and regeneration capacity. The ten pure-lines, the five F_(1S) and their reciprocal hybrid as well as the ten F_(1S) among the ten lines were evaluated for callus production and regeneration capaticy. Significant variation was observed among the 36 genotypes in callus induction rate, callus differentiation rate and plantlet regeneration rate on embryo culture in vitro. The positive correlation between general callus induction rate and differentiation rate with plantlet regeneration rate was significant. There was a similar trend for callus induction rate between maternal parents and Fis during mature embryo culture in vitro. However, parent-offspring correlation for callus differentiation rate and plantlet regeneration rate were nonsignificant. Whether cytoplasmic effects for embryo culture response exist among the six pure-lines was examined py the differences between reciprocal F_1 hybrids. The extent of cytoplasmic effects depended on cross combination.