大学生运动员赛前焦虑状况的调查研究

Investigation and study of college athletes' anxious condition in pre-competition

采用问卷调查法,对参加全国大学生田径锦标赛的90名运动员进行赛前焦虑状况调查.结果表明:大学生运动员赛前会产生一定的状态焦虑,而特质焦虑相对稳定.在状态焦虑和特质焦虑上,男、女运动员间均无显著性差异,但男运动员较女运动员的状态-特质焦虑稍低,一级或二级运动员与低级别运动员在状态焦虑上存在明显差异,表现在高水平运动员状态焦虑低,而特质焦虑与运动员等级间无明显差异.建议:应加强大学生运动员平时的心理适应性训练,多组织他们参加一些比赛.

Author carries out investigation and study of college athletes' anxious condition who attend state college track and field championships with question and answer. The results demonstrate that college athletes would emerge definite conditioned anxiety, but, their characteristic anxiety would be relatively stable in pre-competition. There are not obvious difference between men and women in characteristic anxiety , but the men's figure is lower than women's, there are obvious difference between first grade or second grade athletes and lower grade athletes in conditioned anxiety, the higher grade athletes' conditioned anxiety is lower than lower grade athletes', but characteristic anxiety is not related to grades. The author suggests the coaches should strengthen athletes' psychological adaptability training in normal times.