博弈论对正统经济学思维方式的冲击

The Impact on the Traditional Economic Ideology by the Game Theory

自20世纪40年代博弈论被引入经济学之后,现代经济学在许多领域发生了很大的变化。与此同时,作为工具的博弈论与作为思想的博弈论却出现了一种分离的倾向。在作为工具的博弈论满足经济学家对形式主义模型沉溺的同时,作为思想的博弈论却对正统经济学形成了根基性的挑战。博弈论不仅是一种数学工具,更是一种方法论。它引导着人们彻底重新认识经济世界和人们的经济行为,在这一过程中,正统经济学的思维方式——确定性的经济社会观、理性经济人假设、个体主义原则受到了愈来愈强的冲击。

Since the game theory was adopted into economics in 1940's, the mode rn economics experienced significant changes in many fields. At the same time, t here appears the separation trend between the game theory as a tool and the game theory as a thought. When the game theory as a tool satisfies the economist ind ulgence in the formalist model, the game theory as a thought forms the ultimate challenges against the traditional economics. Game theory is not only a mathemat ical tool, but aslo a kind of methodology. It leads people to thoroughly reconsi der the economic world and people's economic activity. During this process, the traditional economic ideology such as certainty of economic social idea, rationa l economic person hypothsis, individualism principle undergoes more and more sig nificant impact.