雌激素对雄性生殖功能的影响

The Effect of Estrogens on Male Reproduction

雄性体内的雌激素 1/ 3来源于睾丸 ,2 / 3来源于睾丸以外 ,是由雄激素经芳香化酶的作用转化而来。雌激素通过雌激素受体 (ER)起作用 ,ER有α和 β两种亚型。雌激素是雄性生殖所必需的 ,特别是幼年时雌激素的缺失能够直接影响到成年雄性的生殖能力 ,由ERα介导的雌激素对输出小管液体重吸收作用尤其重要 。

One third of estrogens in the male are from the testis and the others from outside the testis.Aromatase P450 (CYP19) is an enzyme responsible for the conversion of androgens to estrogens. Estrogens regulate cell function via specific receptors--estrogen receptors (ER) which include ERα and ERβ. It has been found that the role of estrogens in male reproduction is complex and important, particularly during the neonatal life. Males lacking ERα are completely infertile because ERα induced estrogens regulate the reabsorption of luminal fluid in the head of the epididymis and disruption of this essential function causes sperm to enter the epididymis diluted, rather than concentrated, resulting in infertility. Whereas males lacking aromatase or ERβ are fully fertile. Therefore, it is concluded that ERα, but not aromatase or ERβ, is essenitial for normal male fertility.