自身免疫性感音神经性聋豚鼠的子代内耳生理功能研究

The experimental research of hearing and vestibular function in the offspring of female guinea pigs with autoimmune sensorineural hearing loss

目的 :观察自身免疫性感音神经性聋 (ASHL)母豚鼠所产子代内耳生理功能的变化 ,探讨针对内耳的自身免疫因素对子代内耳生理功能的影响及其改变特点。方法 :同种内耳抗原 (CIEAg)持续免疫孕豚鼠 ,采用耳蜗电图 (记录cAP、CM )和眼震电图仪 (记录自发性眼震和冷热空气试验 )测试母鼠和子鼠的听觉和前庭功能 ,并检测血清特异性体液免疫反应。结果 :ASHL模型母豚鼠所产子鼠血清中发现有特异性抗体水平升高 ,部分 (3 /9)出现听觉损伤。非ASHL母鼠和对照组母鼠所产子代未见明显异常。结论 :ASHL雌鼠所产子代可出现感音神经性聋 ,其内耳损伤和功能障碍极可能与针对内耳组织的自身免疫反应 (尤其是体液免疫 )有关 ,从而提示内耳自身免疫因素可能为部分先天性非遗传性感音神经性聋的病因之一。

Objective To explore whether the autoimmune of anti labyrinth tissues could cause inner ear disorders and dysfunction by observing the inner ear physiological function changes of offspring of female guinea pigs with autoimmune sensorineural hearing loss(ASHL).Methods The pregnant guinea pigs were immunized with conspecific inner ear antigen(CIEAg).Then their hearing function was measured with EcochG(including cAP,CM),and their vestibular function was measured by electronystagmography(including spontaneous nystagmus and caloric test).At the same time,the specific antibodies against inner ear tissues antigens in serum were measured by ELISA in all female guinea pigs and their offsprings.Results 9 offsprings of ASHL female guinea pigs appeared specific antibodies against CIEAg in serum,3 had sensorineural hearing loss.No distinct inner ear dysfunctions and immune reaction abnormality were found in pregnant guinea pigs of non ASHL group and control group and their offsprings.Conclusion Some of the offsprings of ASHL female guinea pigs might manifest sensorineural hearing loss to different extent,which could be induced by autoimmune inflammation against inner ear tissue antigens with specific antibodies from their mothers through blood placental barrier.This result suggests that the factor of autoimmune against inner ear tissue antigens could be one of pathogenic causes inducing non heritage congenital sensorineural hearing loss.