19世纪以来英国大学制度改革的基本特征及其分析

An analysis on the Characteristics in the Reforms of United Kingdom's Universities since the 19^(th) Century

在世界大学发展史上拥有一席地位的英国大学自 19世纪以来发生过 3次有重要影响意义的改革 ,即 19世纪后半叶至 2 0世纪初的大学扩张 ,2 0世纪 6 0年代的新大学运动 ,2 0世纪 80年代末、 90年代初的“一元化”改革。英国大学制度改革的主要特征是革新与传统共存 ,即在以新形式建立新大学的同时 ,维持着老大学的传统。正是由于在改革过程中传统的保持与弘扬才使得英国大学制度具有着鲜明的个性 ,成为世界大学体系中的一种范式。

Since the 19 th century,three important reforms of universities had occurred in United Kingdom,which are expansion of universities form 1850 to the early of the 20 th centrury,formation of new universities in 1960's and reform of unification from the last of 1980's to the early of 1990's.The main characteristic in the reforms of United Kingdom's universities was that traditions coexisted with innovations,that is,the traditions were upheld in the old universities while the innovations were carried out in the new universities.