二十世纪中国戏剧的现代性与本土化

Chinese Theater in the 20^(th) Century: Its Modernization and Localization

与以往相比 ,2 0世纪中国戏剧发生了巨大变化 ,现代性成为其发展的巨大动力。本文从现代性与启蒙 ,尤其从现代性与本土化的关系等角度 ,探讨中国戏剧的发展动因 ,强调戏剧本体的重要性。作者强调 ,戏剧研究更应注意艺术本身出现的具有现代性意义的发展变化 ,它包括艺术更趋自律 ,平民的艺术趣味得到更多肯定等。中国戏剧这些变化主要围绕两个维度展开 ,一是对现代性的探求 ,二是源于传统的本土化倾向。

Dramatic changes took place in the Chinese theater in the 20 th century, with modernization emerging as the dynamics for development. We explore the relations between modernization and enlightenment, in between modernization and localization, in an attempt to show that the fundamental elements of Chinese theater should be taken as the starting point for any understanding and research. In other words, more attention should be paid to the modernization of the art itself, including its growing autonomy and growing affirmation of artistic tastes of ordinary people. All these changes unfolded themselves in two major dimensions: on the one hand, Chinese theater began its modern experimentation; while on the other hand, it showed a tendency towards localization and return to its traditions. Almost all changes came from interactions between modernization and localization. Modern trends and the tendency towards localization provide a key to understand the evolution of Chinese theater in the 20 th century.