解释的语境相关与生物学中高阶解释的独立性

Contextual Correlation of Scientific Explanation & Autonomy of Hi gh-level Explanation in Biology

生物学中的解释可分为高阶和低阶两种。高阶解释在还原论者看来 ,可以被还原为低阶解释 ,或通过低阶解释来得到说明。因而高阶解释没有存在的合理性。高阶解释有其不可还原的语境相关特征 ,否则必将损失“解释内容”。因此 ,无论是生物学中的高阶解释 ,还是低阶解释 ,都有其语境规定的相应的“解释内容”。都丰富了对同一现象的解释内容 ,它们是互补的 ,而不是互相替代的。

Explanation in Biology can be divided into two kinds: one is high-leve l explanation, the other is low-level explanation. According to reductivist, hig h-level explanation can be reduced to low-level explanation. So the reason of hi gh-level is not incredible. The purport of this article is to analyse three type s of explanation reduction important in Biology and to point out that high-level explanation is irreductive because of its contextual correlation. Therefore,hi gh-level or low-level explanation in Biology has its 'explanatory content' rul ed by contextual correlation character. They are not repulsive but complementary .