深圳梅林地区高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率、控制率及危险因素调查

A survey on the prevalence, awareness, treatment, control rates and dangerous factors of hypertension in citizens from Meilin region of Shenzhen city

目的:调查梅林地区原发性高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率、控制率及危险因素,评估防治现状,完善防治对策。 方法:在2002-04/2002-10在深圳梅林地区常住人口中随机取样24 503例,实际调查22 542例,应答率92.0％,调查项目包括测量血压、身高、体质量及填写高血压相关情况问卷。 结果:共检出高血压患者2 459例,患病率为10.9％,高血压患者中知晓率为37.5％(956例),治疗率为31.1％(793例),控制率为14.9％(359例),高血压患者按每10岁为1个年龄组组合后显示,随着年龄的上升,高血压患病率也随之增加,其中50岁以上各年龄组患病率明显高于整体人群(X^2=323.09-1161.06,P均<0.001),在相关危险因素比较中,高血压患者的平均年龄(56.37±18.75)岁,体质量指数(26.89±4.82)kg/m^2,吸烟量(7.35±3.26)支/d,均明显高于血压正常者(t=2.109～2.756,P<0.01～0.05),前者中的脑力劳动者和高血压家族史也明显高于血压正常者(X^2=759.62和5193.81,P均<0.00)。 结论:深圳梅林地区高血压患病率与年龄、肥胖、吸烟和遗传等危险因紊密切相关。

AIM: To study the hypertension prevalence, awareness rate, treatment rate, control rate and dangerous factors in citizens from Meilin region of Shenzhen city, and to assess the present situation of prevention and treatment, improve the countermeasures of prevention and treatment of hypertension. METHODS: A survey was conducted among 24 503 cases in changeless citizens from Meilin region of Shenzhen city from April, 2002 to October 2002, actually 22 542 of them were investigated and the response rate was 92. 0%. The investigation consisted of blood pressure, body height, body mass and hypertension questionnaire. RESULTS: The hypertension morbidity in all the subjects was up to 10. 9% (2 459 cases), and among these patients with hypertension, the awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate were 37. 5% (956 cases), 31. 1% (793 cases) and 14. 9% (359 cases) respectively. The hypertensive patients were divided into different groups with 10 years as a age group, the result showed that the prevalence rate increased with the increase of age, and the hypertension morbidity in above 50 years old groups was obviously higher than all the subjects (X2 = 323.09-1161.06, P <0. 001). In comparison of dangerous factors of hypertension, mean age [(56. 37 ± 18. 75) years old], body mass index [(26. 89 ±4. 82) kg/m2] and smoking amount [(6. 35 ±3. 26) pieces/d] in patients with hypertension were obviously higher than subjects with normal blood pressure(t =2. 109 -2. 756, P < 0. 01 -0. 05), the rates of mental labourer and subjects with positive family history in the former were obviously higher than the latter (X2 = 759. 62, 5193. 81, P <0. 00). CONCLUSION: The hypertension morbidity in citizens from Meilin region Shenzhen city has a positive relation with the risk factors, such as age, obesity, smoking and genetic factors.