四川大学传染性非典型肺炎医学观察区学生的心理状况调查

Investigation to psychological status of the students in the medical observing area of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Sichuan University

目的:了解传染性非典型肺炎流行期间四川大学医学观察区学生的心理状况。 方法:采用焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表、社会支持评定量表、应付方式问卷、防御方式问卷、艾森克人格问卷和自编的一般情况调查表,对观察区和非观察区的103名大学生进行心理状况调查,共获得有效问卷98份,并按性别及近期生活事件影响等因素将70个分别来自于观察区和非观察区的学生进行配对分析;比较了48名学生在人住和离开观察区时的心理状况。 结果:观察区和非观察区学生的焦虑及抑郁水平均低于中国正常人常模并有显著性意义(t=-19.596,-18.004,-9.813,-8.240,P<0.01),配对分析表明,观察组的抑郁分数比对照组更低(t=-3.753,P<<0.01),社会支持总分、主观支持分和对支持的利用分更高,差异有显著性意义(t=2.584,2.458,2.131;P均<0.05),而应付混合型分数更低(t=-2.443;P<0.05),EPQ人格问卷的E量表分更高,P量表分更低,均有显著性意义(t=2.107,-2.277;P<均0.05),两组在防御方式上差异无显著性意义。观察区学生在离开观察区时的焦虑和抑郁程度下降,差异具有统计学意义(t=2.444,2.242;P<0.05)。 结论:在传染性典型肺炎流行期间,四川大学医学观察区和非观察区的学生心理状况良好。

AIM: To investigate mental health state of college students in medical observing area of Sichuan University during severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic. METHODS: Self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale (SDS), social supporting scale, coping style questionnaire, defence style questionnaire (DSQ), Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ) and self-adopted questionnaire of general condition were applied to 103 college students who were in or not in medical observing areas, and 98 valid copies were collected. According to sex and degree of how life events influenced, 70 students from medical observing area and non medical observing area respectively were analyzed in pairs. The psychological status of 48 students were compared when entering and leaving the observing area. RESULTS: Depression and anxiety levels of the students in the two groups were significantly lower than Chinese norm of normal people( t = - 19. 596, -18. 004, -9. 813, -8. 240, P <0. 01) . The paired analysis showed that depression score of students in medical observing areas (study group) was significantly lower than that in the non-medical observing area(control group) (t = -3.753, P <0. 01), social support score, subjective support score, utilization of social support were significantly higher than those in the control group( t = 2. 584,2. 458,2. 131, P < 0. 05). And the study group had significantly lower mixed-copying-style score( t= -2.443, P <0. 05), higher E subscale score and lower P subscale score of EPQ (t = 2. 107, - 2. 277, P < 0. 05) . There was no significant difference in copying style between the two groups. When students left the medical-observing area, anxiety level and depressive level were significantly lower than those when they entered the area( t = 2. 444, 2.242, P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Mental health states of students in Sichuan University are quite normal during SARS epidemic.