浙江大蒜病毒的毒源鉴定

Diagnosis of Virus on Gadic Virus Disease of Zhejiang

浙江余姚白蒜等S个品种均有病毒病,发病率100％,呈现黄条褪绿、花叶和畸形扭曲。人工接种蚕豆(Viciafaba)产生局部褐斑,墙生藜(Chenopodium murabe)上呈现褪绿点斑或隐症,豇豆(Vigna sinensis)上为坏死点斑或花叶。电镜检测病毒粒子为线形,长度为300—2250×11—12nm,其中550—650nm占29.6％、700—800hm占28％;超薄切片发现大量风轮状、环状、束状和涡轮状胞质内含体,未见片层状聚集体,叶绿体被破坏。致死温度在55℃以上。免疫电镜测试和洋葱黄矮病毒(OYDV)有血清学相关性,根据以上特征证明浙江大蒜病毒病是由两种病毒复合感染引起的,一种是大蒜黄条病毒(GYSV),属马铃薯Y病毒群(Potyviruses);另一种是大蒜隐潜病毒(GLV),属于石竹隐潜病毒群(Carlaviruses)。

In Zhejiang, Jiangsu and other provinces, 5 varieties of the garlic crops are totally diseased. The virus disease frequently causes degeneration of viruliferousness, loss of yields and reduction of tolerant to store. Symptoms due to the infection of virus are chlorotic mottling between the veins, yellow streaking and mosaic, scarcely visible and leaf distortion or deformation. The virus can be artificially inoculated on Vicia faba, then produces brown local lesions, slight spot on Chenopodium murale, necrotic spots and mosaic on Vigna sinensis. The flexuous filamentous particles purified from naturally infected garlic are about 600—700 nm long under the electron microscope. Leaf dip method may be observed containing filamentous particles. They are 300—2250×11—12 nm. 29.60% are 550—650nm in which 28% are 700—800 nm and 60% of the particles are in the range of 550—800 nm. Typical pinwheel type, bundle, serool and circular cytoplasmic inclusions are found in the cytoplasm and could be observed by ultrathin section of garlic leaves, but no aggregation is found and the chlorophylls are destroied. By detection of immuno-electron microscopy, the viruses are related to OYDV serologieally. Evidence from study, Zhejiang garlic is jointly infected by two or more kinds of virus, One is the Potyvirus which we describe here as garlic yellow streak virus(GYSV). Another belongs to Carlaviruses, it called garlic latent virus(GLV). Naturally the garlic crops are doubly infected with GYSV and GLV.