内蒙古草原乳浆大戟及其天敌

NATURAL ENEMIES OF LEAFY SPURGE IN INNER MONGOLIA RANGELAND

中、美、加三国杂草生物防治专家1981～1991年在中国内蒙古鄂尔多斯、锡林郭勒、呼和浩特、赤峰及科尔沁草原等地进行的乳浆大戟及其天敌调查。调查表明乳浆大戟在上述地区发生普遍、并具有丰富的天敌群落和优势种。在鄂尔多斯高原的沙化草场,乳浆大戟形成较密集的群落,天敌种群密度大,对该草控制力强。而在科尔沁草原,大戟往往呈零星分布,天敌种群密度较小,调查发现了乳浆大戟天敌14种。

Leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) is one of the most poisonous weed in rangelands of Northern America. More than 5 million hectares of rangelands have being spread by the leafy spurge in USA and Canada. Unfortunately, the leafy spurge also very common in Inner Mongolia rangelands. Although it is not so serious there as that in USA and Canada, it causes damages to our animals,too. So,the weed biological control scientists from China,USA and Canada carried out the survey on the distribution and occurrence of it and its natural enemies in Inner Mongolia rangeland. Results show that the leafy spurge and its natural enemies occur commonly in the range,and the natural enemy community of the leafy spurge are very popular. We have got some insect species and pathogen species on leafy spurge in the surge for five years. Including: adult of flea beetles Aphthona seriata Chen. and adults of flea beetles A. chinchini Chen., Obera prob. erythrocephala Schrank, Chamaesphecia sp., and several pathogens: Erysiphe sp., Endophyllum sp. and so on. All of them are believed to be promising for biological control-ing of leafy spurge.