中药止哮平喘方抗哮喘豚鼠模型气道炎症的实验研究

Effect of Zhixiao Pingchuan Prescription on Airway Inflammation in Guinea Pigs with Asthma

[目的] 探讨中药止哮平喘方(主要由法半夏、瓜蒌皮、薤白、白芍、柴胡、黄芩、麻黄、枳壳、射干、甘草等中药组成)对哮喘豚鼠模型气道炎症的影响。[方法]复制卵蛋白致敏哮喘模型,观察支气管及肺的病理学改变;测量全血及肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中血细胞计数;免疫组织化学法测定外周血单核细胞(PBMC)中CD_4^+、CD_8^+T细胞的含量。[结果]病理研究显示哮喘模型组豚鼠气道周围大量炎性细胞浸润,以嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)和淋巴细胞为主。哮喘模型组全血及BALF中炎性细胞数显著高于正常组(P<0.01);中药大剂量组和西药对照组炎性细胞数均显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。哮喘模型组CD_4^+T细胞高于正常组(P<0.05);中药大剂量组和西药对照组CD_4^+ T细胞均有下降(与哮喘模型组比较,P<0.05)。[结论] 中药止哮平喘方能降低气道及外用血炎性细胞的数量,具有抗气道炎症的作用;降低CD_4^+细胞数量,相对增加CD_8^+ T细胞,使CD_4^+/CD_8^+恢复正常状态,从而起到调节其紊乱的免疫功能状态的作用,这可能是止哮平喘方抗气道炎症的作用机理之一。

[Objective] To explore the effect of Zhixiao Pingchuan Prescription (ZPP, mainly composed of Rhizoma Pinelliae, Pericarpium Trichosanthis, Bulbus Allii Macrostemi, Radir Paeoniae Alba, Radix Bupleuri, Radix Astragali, etc. ) on airway inflammation in guinea pigs with asthma. [Methods] Fifty ras were randomized into five groups: A (normal control), B (modal group), C (dexamethasone positive control), D (small-dose ZPP) and E (large-dose ZPP). Guinea pig models of asthma were induced with egg albumin.Pathological changes in bronchi and lung were observed; blood cell counting in whole blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were done, HIV helper cell count (CD_4^+ ) and HIV suppressor cell count (CD_8^+ ) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were examined by immunohistochemical assay. [ Results] Pathological study showed that a larg amount of inflammatory cells (eosinophils and lymphocytes in the majority) infiltrated the airway in Group B. The amount of inflammatory cells in whole blood and BALF was larger in Group B (P <0.01 ) and lower in Group C and Group E (P <0.05 or P <0.01 ) than that in Group A (P <0.01). The content of CD_4^+ was increased in Group B (P <0.05 as compared with Group A) and was decreased in Group E and Group C (P <0.05 as compared with Group B). [ Conclusion]ZPP can regulate the immune function by reducing the number of inflammatory cells in airway and in peripheral blood, decreasing CD_4^+ content and correspondingly increasing the CD_8^+ content, which may be the anti-inflammation mechanism of ZPP.