俄远东港口的现状与发展前景

THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST PORTS:STATUS QUO AND DEVELOPING PROSPECTS

苏联解体后,远东地区港口在全俄的地位愈显重要。近年港口吞吐量虽有回升,但换装能力闲置40%多。究其原因,一是面向出口的产品生产量下降;二是铁路运价大幅上涨;三是由于金融危机,东南亚国家减少了俄工业品的进口;四是远东港口服务质量差;五是国家供给极北地区的物资减少,使北部港口部分闲置。港口状况的改善与国家经济发展息息相关,同时吸引过境运输货流也是重要方面。俄各级政府和远东港口企业正在为此而努力。

After Soviet collapse,the position of the Far East ports is becoming important in Russia.In recent years,the volume of freight handed in the ports has risen again,but the transshipment capacity Ieaves unused by 40%.The reasons for this are:first,the production of exported products declines;second,the railway carriage rises up by a big margin;third,the countries of southeast Asia decrease import of industrial products from Russia;fourth,the service provided by the ports is inferior;fifth,the goods that the state provides for the polar region are reduced and hence the north ports lie idle partly. Improvement of the ports closely linked with the national economic development and volume of transit consignment of goods.The all-level governments of Russia are working hard for this purpose.