中药资源的可持续利用

Sustainable Utilization of Chinese Material Medicine Resources

资源的可持续利用指的是高效的、可再生性的、兼有保护性的利用,中药材资源作为一种生物资源,还要兼顾保护生物多样性和维持生态平衡。本文围绕上述资源的可持续利用概念,针对《中药现代化发展纲要》中所述的原则和重点任务,具体地阐述当前中药资源的可持续利用需要开展的工作和应当关注的研究方向。1)开展中药资源调查,建立野生资源濒危预警系统,保证药源的可持续供应;2)加强中药种质资源研究,选择和利用优良种质;3)实行中药野生资源的采收控制和开展野生抚育研究;4)开展中药材野生变家种家养研究;5)建立种质资源库和种质资源圃,保存中药材种质资源;6)建立药用动植物原生地保护区,保护生物的多样性和药用动植物多样性;7)开展珍稀濒危中药资源的替代品研究;8)利用高新技术提高中药资源利用的质量和效率,提倡资源的综合利用;9)利用新技术直接生产有效成分;10)加强中药材栽培技术研究,实现中药材规范化种植和产业化生产,加强中药材新品种培育。

The sustainable utilization of resources refers that utilization is high efficient, reproducible and withpreservation. As to Chinese material medicine resource, a kind of biollgical resource, protecting biological diversity and preserving ecological equilibrium should be taken account of In this paper, around the conception mentioned above and considering the principle and important mission in Developing Program for Modernization of Chinese Medicine , the imperative works or research directions to be paid close attention for sustainable utilization of Chinese material medicine were approached. They were: 1) carrying out resource investigation, establishing prediction system for the endangered wild resources to ensure the sustainable provision of medicine materials; 2) enhancing the studies on germplasm resource, selecting and using good germplasm; 3) controlling the collection of wild resources, carrying out the studies on wild tendering; 4) carrying out the studies on introduction and domestication for wild species; 5) establishing germplasm storehouses and gardens to preserve germplasm resources; 6) carrying out the studies on substitutes for rare and endangered resources; 8) improving utilizing quality and efficiency of resources by high techniques, encouraging comprehensive utilization; 9)producing directly active compounds by new techniques; 10)enhancing the studies on cultivating techniques, achieving the standardized cultivation and production in a large scale; enhancing breeding new varieties.