明代郊礼改制述论

On the Reform of Jiaoli During the Ming Dynasty

明代郊礼经历了由“分”改“合”、由“合”变“分”的曲折过程 ,郊礼改制主要发生于洪武、嘉靖两朝。洪武朝改天地分祀为天地合祀 ,使礼仪简化而易行 ,反映了明太祖“重本尚诚”、不事虚文的政治现实主义。而世宗改天地合祀为天地分祀 ,并通过郊祀配位和明堂配享 ,使郊礼改制成为推动兴献帝“称宗入庙”

The reform of Jiaoli (sacrifice to heaven and earth) experienced a tortuous course which was from dispartment to combination and then from combination to dispartment in the Ming Dynasty. The reform took place mainly during the reign of emperor Hongwu and Jiajing .The manner of sacrifice changed from sacrificing heaven and earth respectively to sacrificing together, which showed a tendency of simplification and reflected emperor Taitu's practical and realistic style. Whereas emperor Shizong took conversed method and thus made the reform an important step for impelling emperor Xingxian (Ruizong)to enter into the Imperial Ancestral Temple.