松散边坡演化特征及其应用

Evolution Features and Application of Loose Slope

用单面坡沙堆作为松散边坡的简化模型 ,研究松散边坡的演化规律和复杂性。认为松散边坡自发地向临界状态演化 ,其演化特征表现为两种不同的动力学行为 :对于颗粒均匀的松散边坡 ,其大规模的坍塌呈现准周期分布 ,而颗粒不均匀的松散边坡 ,坍塌的规模服从幂律分布 ,出现自组织临界性。据此提出 ,颗粒均匀的松散边坡 ,可以利用其平均周期和大规模坍塌的平均值进行预报 ,采用安全系数法进行防治工程设计 ;而对于颗粒不均匀的松散边坡 ,目前还难于进行预测预报 ,采用可靠性方法防治工程进行设计。

A sand-pile with one slope is used as simplification pattern of a loose slope. The evolution feature and complexity of a loose slope are analyzed. It is thought that the loose slope itself evolves towards the critical state, and the evolution features present two kinds of different kinetics actions: for uniform-granule loose slope, its large scale avalanches obeying quasi-cycle distribution, for non-uniform-granule loose slope, its avalanches obeying power-law distribution, and arising self-organization criticality as well. It is proposed in view of the above observations that for uniform-granule loose slope, mean cycle and average of large scale avalanches may be utilized to forecast, and safety coefficient method may be adopted to protection design; for non-uniform-granule loose slope, it is difficult to forecast, and the reliability design method may be adopted to protection design.