论江门学派

On Jiangmen School of Thought

江门学派是明代心学发展链条中与王阳明心学不同的另一条心学路线。陈白沙、湛甘泉以"自得"之学,"随处体认天理"为出发点,形成了本体论层面的心理合一,与程朱理学的绝对主义"理本论"和陆王心学的绝对主义"心本论"不同;同时,陈白沙、湛甘泉提倡涵养与致知相统一的"自然为宗"的工夫论原则,与程朱理学以"道问学"为主的工夫论和陆王心学以"尊德性"为主的工夫论也不同;从而形成了江门学派的本体论、工夫论特色。

Jiangmen school of thought followed a different route from that of Wang Yangming's in the development links of the philosophy of mind in Ming Dynasty. Chen Baisha and Zhan Ganquan, starting from 'self-acquired' learning and the idea of 'identifying with the truth of the universe everywhere', developed the principle of the integration of the mind and reason on the ontological level, which is different from both Cheng Hao and Chu His's absolute 'philosophy of reason' and Lu Jiuyuan and Wang Yangming's absolute 'philosophy of mind'. Meanwhile, Chen Baisha and Zhan Ganquan's cultivation theory characterized by modeling after nature or the integration of self-cultivation and extension of knowledge, is different from both Cheng and Chu's cultivation theory based on reason and Lu and Wang's cultivation theory based on virtue. Thus Jiangmen School's characteristics in terms of ontology and self-cultivation came into existence.