海岸带战略环境评价研究

CASE STUDIES OF STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT IN COASTAL ZONE

决策的失误远比项目的失误造成的后果要严重得多。如何避免决策失误所产生的环境影响,达到永续发展,战略环境评价(SEA)已被认为是最为有效的方法和工具之一。本文介绍了8年来在相关国际组织的支持下,在厦门海岸地区进行的3个SEA的实践,比较研究了评价对象、评价内容、评价方法的差异以及评价介入时间及其效果等。结果表明,评价对象的层次越高,对决策的影响越大;评价介入的时间越早,与规划等决策融合得越好。实践中探索了在规划制定之前提出环保概念性框架意见以指导规划的制定,产生了极其有效的结果。

The mistakes made in decision-making process would result in more serious environmental problems than in project process. How to reduce or avoid negative environmental impact caused by decision-making, and push decision-making towards sustainability, strategic environmental assessment (SEA) was considered one of the most effective approaches and tools. Based on the three case studies of SEA in the coastal zone of Xiamen, China, the objects, contents, methodologies, and effects of SEA were compared and discussed systematically in this paper. The results showed that the higher the level of SEA' s object was, the larger the effect of SEA was, and the earlier SEA was involved in decision-making, the more effective SEA embedded and affected decision-making. The conceptual framework of environmental protection principle proposed before decision-making was developed, and found very efficacious.