西北干旱区生态用地概念及其功能分类研究

A conception of ecological land use and its function classification in arid area in Northwest China

阐明了西北干旱区生态用地概念与定义 ,并依据功能将其划分为人工型与自然型两大类。其中人工型生态用地包括农业绿洲型和城镇绿洲型 ,自然型生态用地包括自然保护区型、山区水源涵养林型、天然绿洲型、湿地型、荒漠植被型和夹荒地型 ,分析了每种类型生态用地服务于主体生态系统的功能。并指出该区近期生态用地的研究重点应集中于生态用地资源评价 ,掌握其数量、质量及其空间分布规律 ;确定生态用地在西北干旱区以及区内不同流域中所占合理比例 ;定量化研究生态用地与生态用水间的关系。

The conception and definition of ecological land use in arid area in Northwest China are stated in this paper. The ecological land use is divided into two categories, of which one is an artificial type including agricultural oasis and township oasis, and another is a natural type containing naturally preserved area, water-conserved forest in mountainous area, natural oasis, wetland, desert vegetation area and wasteland. Meanwhile, the service function of each type of ecological land use for the main ecosystem is introduced. Finally, it is put forward that the research on ecological land use should be focused on the three aspects: developing evaluation of ecological land use resources aiming at its quantity, quality and spatial distribution; identifying the rational proportions of ecological land use in total area and in the different watersheds in arid area in Northwest China; quantifying the relationship between ecological land use and ecological water use.