可降解地膜覆盖棉花增产效应的研究

The increasing yield effects of degradable plastic film mulching on the cottons

田间试验结果表明 ,覆膜植棉可明显提高土壤温度 ,促进棉株生长 ,其 5cm土层土壤温度比露地栽培提高0 .1～ 2 .98℃ ,棉花产量提高 11.5 9%～ 18.31%。双解膜和光解膜在地膜降解前的增温效果略优于普通地膜 ,晴天增温幅度大于阴雨天。地膜降解诱导期过后 2种可降解地膜均顺利降解为面积较小碎片 ,而双解膜降解更快 ,缓解了农膜残留所造成白色污染。棉花生产可用可降解膜代替普通地膜 ,且需完善配套栽培技术。

Mulched with plastic film on the transplanted cottons, the soil temperature in 5cm depth is 0.1～2.98℃ higher than that of unmulched transplanted cottons, the cotton plants grow faster, and the cotton yield is increased by 11.59%～18.31%. Before degradable plastic film degrades, the increasing value of soil temperature, which is mulched with double-degradable plastic film and photo-degradable plastic film, is less higher than that mulched with common plastic film, and it is higher in sunny days than that in cloudy and rainy days. After the inducing period, the two kinds of degradable plastic film can divided into small pieces, the double-degradable plastic film degrades earlier and faster than another. In the cotton production practice, the common plastic film should be replaced by degradable plastic film, but the interrelated cultural techniques must be formed.