论中国艺术表演团体改革的实现途径——兼论中国文化体制改革的特殊性

On the reform Route of Chinese Art Performance Organization

中国文化事业体制改革的目标和道路要受到行业内部特殊矛盾运动形态的制约。以艺术表演团体改革为例透视文化事业单位改革与政府策略选择之间的关系,可以为决策者提供一种有关中国文化事业体制改革过程和特点的具象把握。在整个社会由计划经济体制向社会主义市场经济体制转轨时期,艺术表演团体固有的政治-伦理角色、市场-经营角色、艺术-行业角色三重身份和伦理性目标、政治性目标、经济效益目标、审美价值目标等多重目标之间相互矛盾、相互依存和对立统一,共同构成了艺术表演团体内部复杂的矛盾运动。而正是这种矛盾特殊性构成各级政府在推进艺术表演团体改革过程中的策略选择基础。

The particular contradictory form of the cultural business makes a strong impact on the target and route of reform of Chinese cultural institution system. A deep observation of the relation between the reform of art performance business and the governmental choice of policy enables decision-makers to understand the character and process of the reform of Chinese cultural institutional system. In the transforming term from the socialist planned economy system to the socialist market economy system, the unity of opposites, originated from the triple role of the organization, politics-ethics, market-operation, and art-business one, and from lots of targets, including ethical, political, economic, and aesthetic targets, constitutes the complicated contradictory form in art performance organizations. It is the particularity of contradiction that makes up the foundation of governmental choice in policy in the course of the reform of art performance organization.