小企业成长与政府的作用——美国政府小企业政策及其启示

Growth of Small Business & Role of Government US Federal Policies on Small Business & Its Implications

半个世纪以来,美国小企业管理局(SBA)直接或间接援助了近2000万家小企业。1991～2000财年,SBA帮助43.5万家小企业获得了946亿美元贷款。2002财年,SBA支持了总额达123亿美元的小企业贷款以及超过10亿美元的灾难贷款;在SBA的帮助下,小企业获得了超过400亿美元的政府采购。

This paper reviews the US government policies relating to small and medium business based on the legislation, SBA functioning and government purchase. The focus, however, is on the achievement of the Small Business Association to support start-up companies over the past 50 years, its assessment system as well as its budget and working plan for the year 2004. The implication of these policies under the Chinese context is that higher administrative level should be granted to the institutions in charge. Public sector should be more service-conscious and an incentive system should be in place. Efforts shall be made to improve relevant legislation. Government purchase system in favor of small and medium enterprises shall be implemented.