断奶日龄和日龄对仔猪生产性能及主要消化器官重量的影响

EFFECT OF WEANING ON PERFORMANCE AND DIGESTIVE ORGAN GROWTH IN PIGLETS

本试验选用12窝0～56日龄仔猪研究了断奶日龄对仔猪生产性能及主要消化器官重量的影响。试验猪在原窝不变的情况下,随机分成17、21、28、35日龄断奶4个处理组,每个处理3个重复,每个重复为1窝仔猪。试验期间,实行三阶段饲养,7日龄开始补饲,7～28日龄采食日粮I,29～42日龄采食日粮Ⅱ,43～56日龄采食日粮Ⅲ。17日龄断奶组分别于断奶后12小时、4天、4天+1周、4天+2周,21、28日龄断奶组分别于断奶后12小时、1周、2周、3周,35日龄断奶组于断奶后12小时、1周、2周剖杀,每次每个重复分别剖杀1头;同时以35日龄断奶组作为对照组,分别在17、21、28日龄断奶组剖杀时间点的相同日龄,每次每个重复也各剖杀1头,共计剖杀54头。剖杀时取胃、胰脏和肝脏称重。结果表明:断奶日龄和日龄对仔猪体重、日增重、相对生长速率和日采食量均有显著影响(P<0.05),且断奶越早,这些指标于断奶后下降的幅度越大。断奶可显著促进仔猪采食(P<0.05)。至42日龄,各处理组仔猪体重、日增重、相对生长速率及日采食量已无显著差异(P>0.05)。断奶可促进胃和胰脏的发育,但对肝脏的发育影响不大。

In this experiment,12 litter piglets were allotted to four treatments which weaned at 17(Ⅰ)?21(Ⅱ)?28(Ⅲ)?35(Ⅳ)day old,respectively to determine effects of weaning age on performance and digestive organ weights in piglets.Each treatment was assigned three replicates(litters).Three-stage feeding system was used in this experiment with diet Ⅰ for 7～28 day,diet Ⅱ for 29～42 day and diet Ⅲ for 42～56 day.54 piglets were killed to take pancreas,stomach and liver for weighing at 12h?4d?4d+1week?4d+2 weeks postweaning in groupⅠ,12h?1week?2weeks?3weeks postweaning in group Ⅱand Ⅲ,and all the same day as group Ⅰ?Ⅱ?Ⅲ in group Ⅳ.The results showed that weaning day and day old had significant effects on body weight(BW),average daily gain(ADG),relative growth rate(RGR) and average daily feed intake(ADFI) in piglets(P<0.05).The earlier the weaning day,the more the decrease of BW,ADG,RGR postweaning piglets.Weaning could increase feed intake significantly compared to suckling piglets(P<0.05),At 42d,BW,ADG,RGR and ADFI of piglets had no significant difference between four treatments(P>0.05).Weaning might promote pancreas and stomach growth but liver in the piglets.