淮河整治方案探讨

On the Plan of Harnessing Huaihe River

从分析淮河问题的由来及症结入手,由50多年的淮河治理引出了需求原则、协调原则、统管原则、投资原则、法规原则和科学治水原则。本文所指的"淮河整治"是:以水治水,顺其自然,兴利除害兼顾,治理开发结合,节流开源并举,利用保护并重,用20年左右的时间,在淮河流域逐步建立适应自然生态环境的水旱灾害减灾体系、维持生态良性循环的水环境保护体系、坚持可持续发展的水资源优化配置体系和适应市场经济体制的水利发展体系。"淮河整治方案"系指建构及运作淮河水系统的方案。这种建构及运作必须既符合自然生态规律,又符合经济社会运行规律,充分发挥经济社会系统与自然生态复合系统的协调互动功能,实现人与自然的和谐共处,达到生态效益、经济效益和社会效益的统一。本文提出的"淮河整治方案要点"对非工程措施和工程措施进行了阐述。

Beginning from analyzing the origin and crux of the flood of Huaihe River, 6 principles summarized from the experience during last 50-years history are referred. They are demand principle, coordination principal, unified management principle, investment principle, law and regulation principle and scientifically harnessing principle. Some engineering and non-engineering methods are also discussed in the paper. Harnessing Huaihe River in this paper means controlling the river according to the natural law of water, promoting its benefit and abolishing its harm at the same time. Combining harnessing Huaihe River with developing, i.e., saving water and increasing the sources, balancing the use and protection, 4 systems have been established step by step in about 20 years for Huaihe River. The systems are the drought and flood mitigation system adapting to natural ecological environment, the water protection system maintaining good ecological circulation, the optimal water allocation system supporting sustainable development and the water conservancy system agreeing with market economy. The plan of harnessing Huaihe River is the plan to construct and operate Huaihe River system. The construction and operation must conform to both natural ecological law and social development law, make most benefit from their interaction and cooperation, and realize the harmonic coexistence between human and nature. Then the ecological benefit can integrate the economic benefit with the social benefit.