猪个体基因杂合度对胴体性状的影响

Effects of individual gene heterozygosity on carcass traits in swine

134头F2 代杂种猪 (大白×梅山 )在平均体重 88kg时屠宰。用分布在 1、 2和 6号染色体上的 2 4个微卫星座位估计个体基因杂合度 ,分析 1 3个胴体性状随个体基因杂合度增加的变化规律。结果表明 ,屠宰率、胴体重、花油率、板油率、腰部膘厚、胸部膘厚、肩部膘厚、皮率、瘦肉率和脂肪率在各个体基因杂合度 (hi)水平间无显著差异(P >0 0 5 )。胴体长、眼肌面积和骨率在各hi 水平间差异显著 ,hi 小于 0 6时皮率与骨率随hi 增加逐渐降低 ,大于 0 6时随hi 增加而增加 ,而瘦肉率的变化趋势与皮率和骨率恰恰相反。眼肌面积随hi 增加而上下波动。胴体长则随hi 水平的增加而逐渐降低。hi 在 0 6 0～ 0 6 5时 ,胴体长和眼肌面积性状值较高 ,而骨率达最低值 ,表明在生产中可以将个体基因杂合度控制在 0 6 0～ 0 6 5 ,从而综合利用这些性状 。

Twenty four microsatellite loci were employed to estimate gene heterozygosity for each individual( h i) in 134 F 2 finishing pigs from resource population(Large White×Meishan).After beingslaughtered at about 88 kg BW,the carcass traits were measured.There were significant difference among 7 h i on such traits as carcass length,acreage of longissimus muscle,and proportion of bone within half midsection,while there were no significant difference on the other carcass traits.Proportion of skin and bone within half midsection decreased as increase of h i(under 0 60),and increased as h i is over 0 60,but proportion of muscle within half midsection changed in contrary direction when h i increased.Acreage of longissimus muscle fluctuated when h i increased.Carcass length decreased as increase of h i(over 0 5).The trait value of carcass length and acreage of longissimus muscle was considerable high,and proportion of bone within half midsection was the lowest when h i was 0 600 65 (P<0 05), which implied that the h i should be 0 600 65 in pig production in order to improve carcass performance.