棉麻纺织工人死因研究

Study of Cause of Death in Cotton and Flax Mill Workers

应用回顾性队列方法对一个棉纺厂和一个亚麻厂生产工人的死因进行调查。在1469名亚麻工人中,男女性全死因及全肿瘤的死亡人数均低于预期值,但男性肝癌和肺癌以及女性胃癌的死亡人数均高于预期值,虽然其SMR_?增高没有统计学意义。同时,男女性中脑血管疾病以及男性心血管疾病尤其是肺心病(SMR420,P<0.01)的死亡人数均高于预期值。在2915名棉纺工人中,男性全死因、脑血管病及急性心肌梗塞的死亡率显著增高,P<0.01;慢性肾炎和肝硬化死亡率也明显增高,P<0.05。此外,男性肺癌、肝癌的死亡人数也高于预期值,但无统计学显著性。女性不吸烟者慢性肾炎和肝硬化的死亡率显著增高(P<0.01),脑血管病在女性也明显增高(P<0.05)。

A mortality study of cause of death was carried out in 1469 flax workers and2915 cotton workers. In flax workers theSMBs for all causes and all cancersshowed no statistically significant excess inboth males and females, while an increasednumber of death was found for cancers ofliver and lung in males and of stomach in fem ales. Mortalities from cerebrovascular diseases inboth males and females and from cardiovasculardiseases in males were higher than the expected,especially for corpulmonale (SMR=420 , P<0.01). In cotton workers significantly elevatedSMRs were found at P<0.01 level for all causes,cerebrovascular diseases and at P<0.05 levelfor nephritis and cirrhosis of liver in males.An increased number of death was also seenfor cancers of lung and liver in males. In fe-male nonsmokers mortalities for cerebrovasculardiseases, nephritis and cirrhosis of liver werehigher than the expected.