鄂西北斯氏狸殖吸虫生态学及动物宿主感染的调查研究

Investigation into the ecology of Pagumonimus skrjabini and the infectious status of pagumonimiasis in animal hosts in northwesten Hubei Province

目的 调查鄂西北斯氏狸殖吸虫生态环境及其动物宿主感染情况 方法 观察不同温度、雨量、植被、人类行动对中间宿主孳生环境的影响 ,解剖不同动物 ,检查动物体内斯氏狸殖吸虫的自然感染情况。 结果 共调查第二中间宿主华溪蟹的感染率为 5 3 1% ;用从华溪蟹体内分离出的囊感染家犬、大白兔、小白兔和豚鼠后 ,从豚鼠中查出囊虫 ;小白兔感染数日后死亡 ;大白兔感染 12 2d后查到成虫和虫卵 ;家犬感染 3 0d后查到童虫 ,90d后感染率达10 0 %。家猫、家犬的自然感染率分别为 5 6 2 5 % ( 18 3 2 )和 14 2 9% ( 1 7) ,并从家犬的肺中检出成虫。 结论 人类的行为对肺吸虫中间宿主的孳生有较大的影响 ,中间宿主孳生地的生态环境的变化 ,导致华溪蟹的感染率明显下降。该地区肺吸虫中间宿主的孳生有较大的影响 ,中间宿主孳生地的生态环境的变化 ,导致华溪蟹的感染率明显下降。该地区肺吸虫病除在野生动物中流行外 ,家养动物的自然感染率也较高 ,可能是斯氏狸殖吸虫的终宿主。

Objective To investigate the habitat for Pagumonimus skrjabini and the infectious status in the animal hosts. Methods The impact of temperature,rainfall,vegetation,and human behavior on the habitat of Pagumonimus skrjabini.The second intermediate host of Sinopotamon and domestic animals were dissected for the natural infection rate. Results The infection rate of Sinopotamon was 5.31%.Domestic animals and Guinea pigs were infected with metacercaria isolated from Sinopotamon.Worms were detected from Guinea pigs,adult worms and gees were detected form big rabbit 122 days after infection while small rabbit died of the infection,immature worms were detected from domestic dog 30 day s after infection and with an infection rate of 100% 90 days after infection.The natural infection rates of domestic cat and dog were 56.25%(18/32) and 14.29%(1/7),respectively.Adult worms were also detected from dogs. Conclusion Human behavior exerts a relatively big impact on the breeding of intermediate hosts of Pagumonimus skrjabini.The change of habitat resulted in marked reduction of natural infection rate in Sinopotamon.Pagumonimosis is not only prevalent in wild animals and the infection rates in domestic animals are also relatively high and the domestic animals may be the final hosts of Pagumonimus skrjabini.